Jane here, with a small but intriguing historical mystery. Not a whodunit, but...well I don't know how to define it. It's a Whatjamacallit.
I've recently introduced a new setting into ARROWS IN THE DARK, the Roman-Britain mystery I'm working on, (aka Aurelia #4.) I was going to have much of the action along the northern frontier of the province of Britannia, roughly where Hadrian's Wall would one day be built, in lovely dramatic countryside close to the barbarians. But this turned out to make my plotting too difficult; the frontier was too far away from my sleuth Aurelia's home near York, about eight days' travel from her inn. This meant she would be stuck there for the major part of the story. I didn't want that, I wanted her to go home midway. (So did she. Another example of a character pointing a writer in the direction she should be going!)
So I'm now setting part of it in the town of Catterick, much nearer York. The Romans built a fort there because there was an important river crossing, and a small
civilian town grew up around it. Even its name has Roman roots - the Latin name was Cataractonium. Now even if you don't know much Latin, you can make a shrewd guess that a name like that could be related to a waterfall or cataract, and indeed the Romans' word for waterfall was cataracta. Many people studying Catterick's history have made that shrewd deduction, picturing a Roman army scout or surveyor arriving at a river crossing and thinking, "We need a fort here. I'll tell Headquarters to build defences by the waterfall."
But there isn't a waterfall there. A river, yes; a cataract, no. Never has been.
No surveyor in any army is going to call a place after a non-existent geographical feature. So how else could the name have come about?
There are two possible theories. First, there was a native British settlement there before the Romans, so the Roman who named the fort could have picked up the native Celtic name for it; elsewhere in Roman records (but much later) the place is referred to as Katouraktonion, and I've heard it suggested that this, in the Celtic-British language, meant "place of battle ramparts". I'm trying to check whether this is true; well not personally, my Celtic- is a touch rusty, but luckily I've friends who can help. One of them has already suggested that maybe Katouraktonion wasn't a place but a person, such as a local chieftain.
The second theory is that the name does come from cataracta, but not its primary waterfall meaning. The word could also be used for a portcullis, or a sluice-gate. Could either of these have been found somewhere in the neighbourhood? My instinct is no; the fort was built in the middle of nowhere, and there's no evidence that a anything as sophisticated existed there as a landmark. But this idea, too, needs checking.
Let's face it, for my book it doesn't matter much either way. But it matters to me. I want to know, and I'll do my level best to find out, and enjoy it. It's just the kind of problem I can't resist. I'm looking forward to some fascinating research!